Cauliflower is popular vegetable and this belongs to family Cruciferous. Its curd, is come in various color like cream, white, green or purple. Cauliflower is rich source of calcium and minerals. It works as anti-cancer agent. It promotes heart health, lower cholesterol levels. The major cauliflower producing states are Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Orissa, West Bengal, Assam, Haryana and Maharashtra.
It can grow well in wide range of soil from sandy loam to clay. For late sown variety, clay loam soils are preferred and for early maturing varieties sandy loam soil is recommended. pH of soil should be in range of 6 to 7. Add lime in case of low pH soil.
Bring soil to fine tilth by ploughing land thoroughly. Add well decomposed cow dung and mixed well in soil at time of last ploughing.
Fertilizer Requirement (kg/acre)
| UREA | SSP | MURIATE OF POTASH |
| 130 | 155 | 40 |
Nutrient Requirement (kg/acre)
| NITROGEN | PHOSPHORUS | POTASH |
| 60 | 25 | 25 |
To check weed control apply Fluchloralin (Basalin) 800ml/200Ltr water before transplantation followed by hand weeding 30 to 40days after transplanting. Apply Pendimethalin@1Ltr/acre one day before transplanting of seedlings.
Immediately after transplanting, give first irrigation. Depending upon soil, climatic condition, apply irrigation at interval of 7-8 days in summer season and 10-15days during winter season.
Sucking pest: They suck the sap from the leaves resulting in yellowing and drooping of leaves. Thrips results in curling of leaves, leaves become cup shaped or curved upward.
If incidence of sucking pest like Aphid and Jassid is observed take spray of Imidacloprid 17.8SL@60ml/acre using 150 Ltr water. If infestation of Thrips is observed take Spray of Triazophos + Deltamethrin@20 ml or 25% Cypermethrin @5 ml/10 Ltr of water.
Diamond back moth: Serious pest of cauliflower. They lay eggs under surface leaves. larva of greenish color with hair on body feed on leaves and make hole. In case of lack of proper control measures, it causes loss upto 80-90%.
At initial stage take spray of Neem Seed Kernel Extract@40 gm/Ltr of water at head initiation stage. Repeat this spray with interval of 10-15 days. Avoid spraying at curd formation. Take spray of Bt formulations@200 gm/acre at 35 and 50 days after planting. In severe infestation take spray of Spinosad 2.5%SC@80ml/150Ltr of water.
Caterpillar: They feed on leaves and damage crop.
Spodoptera infestation mostly observed after rains. If per crop two caterpillars are observed then spray with B.T@10 gm/10 Ltr water in evening time. After that take neem ark@40 gm/Ltr spray. In case of high infestation take spray of Thiodicarb 75WP@40 gm/15 Ltr water. If infestation of leaf eating caterpillars is observed take spray of 60 ml Spinosad 2.5%EC or 100 gm Emamectin Benzoate 5SG/acre/150 Ltr water.
Wilt: Dropping of entire leaves along with yellowing of crops. Wilting or drying of entire plant is seen. It may be due to root rot. To control wilt cause due to root rot, drench Trichoderma bio fungus@2.5 kg/500 Ltr water, near to roots of plants. Keeping checking crop losses due to fungal diseases. Drench root zone with Ridomil gold@2.5 gm/Ltr water. Give need based irrigation. Avoid flood irrigation.
Downy Mildew. Appearance of purplish-brown spots observed on lower side of leaves along with grayish white mold on leafs underside. Sanitation and crop rotation help in reducing infection. If infestation of downy is observed, it can be controlled by combined spraying of (Metalaxyl + Mancozeb)@2gm per liter. Take three sprays with 10 days interval.
Leaf spot and Blight: If infestation of blight is observed to control take spray of Mancozeb or Copper oxychloride @300gm/150 Ltr along with 20 ml sticker.
Alternaria leaf spot: Remove and burn lower leaves in morning subsequent take spray of tebuconazole 50%+ Trifloxystrobin 25%@120 gm/acre or Mancozeb@2gm/lit or Carbendazim@1gm/lit of water.
After developing proper head harvesting can be done. Carry out harvesting in morning or evening time. After harvesting keep product in cool place.
After harvesting, do sorting and grading depending upon curd size.
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