GREEN GRAM (MOONG)

Green gram also known as moong. It is one of the main pulse crop of India. It is a rich source of Protein along with fiber and iron. It can be cultivated as Kharif crop. It is used as green manure crop. It is useful for dryland farming as it can survive well in drought conditions.
 
Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, AP, Karnataka, Rajasthan and Tamilnadu are major green gram growing states. In Uttar Pradesh it is sown in kharif season. Eta, Aligarh, Hardoi, Etawah, Mathura, Lalitpur, Kanpur, Gajipur, Farrukhabad and Deoria are major gram growing districts of UP.
 

It can be cultivated on wide range of soil. Gives best result when grown on well drained loamy to sandy-loam soils. Saline and water logged soils are not suitable for cultivation.

Narendra Moong 1: It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 65-70 days. Gives average yield of 4.4-5.2 qtl/acre.

Malviya Jagriti: It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 65-70 days. Gives average yield of 4.8-6 qtl/acre.
 
Samrat (PDM 139): It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 60-65 days.  Gives average yield of 3.6-4 qtl/acre.
 
Moong Janpriya (HUM-6): It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 60-65 days. Gives average yield of 4.8-6 qtl/acre.
 
Meha: It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 60-65 days. Gives average yield of 4.8-6 qtl/acre.
 
HUM 16: It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 65-70 days. Gives average yield of 4.4-5.2 qtl/acre.
 
Malviya Jyoti (HUM 1): It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 65-70 days. Gives average yield of 5.6-6.4 qtl/acre.
 
TMV 37: It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 60-65 days. Gives average yield of 4.8-5.6 qtl/acre.
 
Malviya Jan Chetna: It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 60-62 days. Gives average yield of 4.8-5.6 qtl/acre.
 
IPM 2-3: It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 65-70 days. Gives average yield of 4 qtl/acre.
 
IPM 2-14: It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 62-65 days. Gives average yield of 4-4.4 qtl/acre.
 
Type 1: It is early maturing variety. Ready to harvest in 60-65 days. It is suitable for green manuring and grains purpose. Gives average yield of 2.4-3.6 qtl/acre.
 
Jawahar- 45: It is medium duration variety, suitable for northern and peninsular zones of India. Ready to harvest in 75-90 days. Gives average yield of 4-5.2 qtl/acre. Pusa
 
Baisakhi: Ready to harvest in 60-70 days. Gives average yield of 3.2-4 qtl/acre.
 
ML 1: It is medium duration variety suitable for Punjab and Haryana states. Ready to harvest in 90 days. Gives average yield of 3-4 qtl/acre.
 
PS 16: It is suitable for cultivation in all over country. Ready to harvest in 60-65 days. Gives average yield of 4-4.8 qtl/acre.
 
Other state varieties:
 
K 851: It is medium heighted variety, suitable for kharif as well as summer sowing. It is resistant to drought conditions. Ready to harvest in 65-70 days. Gives average yield of 3-4 qtl/acre.
 
Muskan: It is suitable for kharif season as well as summer sowing. It is resistant to Mosaic and lodging. Ready to harvest in 75-80 days. Gives average yield of 5-7.5 qtl/acre.
 
Asha: It is medium heighted variety, suitable for kharif as well as summer sowing.  Ready to harvest in 65-70 days. Gives average yield of 3-4 qtl/acre.
 
SML 668: It is suitable for growing in irrigated areas. Ready to harvest in 60 days. Gives average yield of 4-5 qtl/acre.
 
MUM 2: Ready to harvest in 60-70 days. Gives average yield of 4.8 qtl/acre.
 
Pusa 9531: It is suitable for summer sowing. Ready to harvest in 60 days. Gives average yield of 4-4.8 qtl/acre.
 
Pusa Vishal: It is suitable for summer sowing. Ready to harvest in 62 days. Gives average yield of 4.4 qtl/acre.
 
Ganga -8: It is suitable for kharif sowing. Ready to harvest in 72 days. Gives average yield of 3 qtl/acre.
 
MH 125: Ready to harvest in 64 days. Gives average yield of 4.8 qtl/acre.
 
MH 421: It is suitable for summer and Kharif sowing. Ready to harvest in 60 days. Gives average yield of 4.8 qtl/acre.
 
Mohini: Ready to harvest in 60-70 days. Tolerant to yellow mosaic virus and cercospora leaf spot. Gives average yield of 4-4.8 qtl/acre.
 
 

To bring soil to fine tilth give two to three ploughing. After each ploughing carry out planking.

Time of sowing
For summer season, complete sowing from 10th March to 10April. For Terai regions, complete sowing in March month.
 
Spacing
Use row spacing of 30cm and plant to plant spacing of 10 cm for Kharif sowing.
 
Sowing Depth
Sow seeds at depth of 4-6 cm.
 
Method of sowing
For sowing use Kera or Pora method or sow seeds by seed drill.
 

Seed Rate
For sowing of one acre land, seed rate of 8-10 kg is sufficient.
 
Seed Treatment
Seed should be treated with Captan or Thiram @3 gm/kg of seed or Thiram@2.5 gm +Carbendazim@1gm per kg of seeds before sowing. After chemical treatment, treat seeds with Rhizobium culture. (Mix Rhizobium culture@200 gm + Jaggery@ 250 gm in half litre of water. Treat 10 kg of seeds with this solution. Then dry seeds in shades.

Fertilizer Requirement (kg/acre)

Nutrient Requirement (kg/acre)

To keep field weed free, one or two hoeing, first hoeing four week after sowing and second hoeing two week after first hoeing are required.
 
To control weed chemically, apply Fluchloralin@600ml/acre or Trifluralin@800ml/acre before sowing (take sowing on same day). Also after sowing, within two days, take spray of Pendimethalin@1Ltr/acre in 100-200Ltrs of water.

Depending upon soil type, climate and other factors, overall green gram crop required, three to four irrigations. Apply first irrigation 30-35 days after sowing. Then depending upon need, apply remaining irrigation at interval of 15 days.

• Pest and their control:

Sucking pest (Jassid, aphid, white fly): If infestation is observed, take spray of Malathion @ 375ml or Dimethoate @ 250ml or Oxydemeton Methyl @ 250ml/acre.
 
For white fly control, take spray of Thiamethoxam @40gm Triazophos@600ml/acre. If necessary take second spray 10days after first spray.

Mite: If infestation is observed take spray of Dimethoate 30EC @150ml/acre.
 
Blister beetle: They cause damage at flowering stage. They feed on flowers, buds thus prevent grain formation.
 
If infestation is observed, take spray of Indoxacarb 14.5SC @ 200ml or Acephate 75SC @ 800gm/acre. Carry out spraying in evening hours and if necessary take second spray 10days after first spray.
 

Pod Borer: Serious pest cause heavy loss in yield. If infestation is observed, take spray of Indoxacarb 14.5SC @ 200ml or Acephate 75SP @ 800gm or Spinosad 45SC @ 60ml/acre. Repeat spray after two weeks.

Tobacco caterpillar: If infestation is observed, take spray of Acephate 57SP @ 800gm/acre or Chlorpyriphos 20EC @1.5Ltr/acre. If necessary take second spray 10days after first spray.

Hairy Caterpillar: To control hairy caterpillar pick caterpillar manually and destroyed by crushing or putting in kerosene water when infestation is low. In case of high infestation, take spray of Quinalphos @500ml or Dichlorvos @200ml/acre.

• Disease and their control:

Yellow mosaic virus: It is spread due to white fly. Irregular yellow, green patches are observed on leaves. Pods not developed on infected plants.
 
Grow yellow mosaic virus resistant varieties. For white fly control, take spray of Thiamethoxam@40gm, Triazophos@ 600ml/acre. If necessary take second spray 10days after first spray.

Cercospora leaf spot: As a preventive measure, do seed treatment with Captan and Thiram. Use cercospora leaf spot resistant variety. If infestation is observed take spray of Zineb 75WP @400gm/acre. Take two to three sprays at interval of 10days.

Best time of harvesting when 85% of pods get matured. Over-ripening of pods should be avoided as produce may be lost due to shattering. Do harvesting with sickle. After harvesting carried out threshing. After threshing, seeds are cleaned and dried in the sunshine.