CORIANDER

Coriander or Dhania is highly valued spice crop of India. Its seeds and fresh leaves are used for flavouring and garnishing of various dishes. Coriander leaves is excellent source of Vitamin C. It also possess medicinal property, it is used against stomach disorder, seasonal fever, nausea and to cure several skin related disorder. India is largest producer, consumer and exporter of coriander seed. In India, Rajasthan is major coriander producing state followed by Madhya Pradesh, Assam and Gujarat. Rajasthan alone contribute 44% of production of country. In Rajasthan, Kota is major coriander producing district followed by S.Madhopur, Baran Jhalawar, Chittorgarh, Karauli.  

It can be grown in all type of soil rich in organic matter but give best result when grown in well drained loamy or sandy loam soils. For good growth it required pH of 6 to 8. Saline and Alkaline soils are not suitable for coriander cultivation.

CS 6: High yielding variety gives average yield of 4.12qtl/acre.

Acr 1: Ready to harvest in 140-145 days. It is resistant to stem gall disease. Growth is superior to other variety. Gives average yield of 4.8qtl/acre.

RCr 20: Ready to harvest in 100-110 days. Suitable for rainfed, heavy soil areas of Rajasthan. It is resistant to stem gall, bold grains. Gives average yield of 3.6qtl/acre.

RCr 41: Ready to harvest in 130-140 days. Suitable for irrigated areas. Gives average yield of 3.7qtl/acre.

RCr 435: Early growing variety, ready to harvest in 110-130 days. Seeds are bold, medium size. Suitable for irrigated areas. It is resistant to root knot and powdery mildew. Gives average yield of 4.2qtl/acre.

RCr 436: Early growing variety, ready to harvest in 90-100 days. Seeds are bold. It is resistant to root rot and nematodes. Gives average yield of 4.4qtl/acre.

RCr 446: Seeds are medium size. It is resistant to stem gall. Gives average yield of 4.8qtl/acre.

Other States Variety:

GC 1: Grains are of medium size, round and yellow colored. Ready to harvest in 112 days. It is tolerant to wilt and powdery mildew. Gives average yield of 4.5qtl/acre.

GC 2: Tall and semi spreading variety with medium size grains. It is tolerant to wilt and powdery mildew. Gives average yield of 5.8qtl/acre

CO 1: Dwarf variety with small size brown grains. Ready to harvest in 100-120 days. Gives average yield of 2qtl/acre. 

CO 2: Medium size yellowish brown grains, Ready to harvest in 90-100 days. Gives average yield of 2.08qtl/acre.

Sindhu: Ready to harvest in 100 days. Gives average yield of 4.2qtl/acre.

Prepared land by giving two or three ploughing and do planking after ploughing operation to make uniform and levelled bed. Before last ploughing add, 40qtl/acre of well decomposed cow dung in soil.   

Time of sowing
Coriander is rabi season crop. Optimum time for sowing is from 15th of October to 15th of November.

Spacing
Keep row to row distance of 30cm and plant to plant spacing of 15cm.

Sowing Depth
Depth of soil should not exceed 3cm.

Method of sowing
Use Pora method for sowing.

Seed Rate
Use seed rate of 8-10 kg for sowing one acre land.  

Seed treatment
For quick germination, before sowing crushed, break seeds into 2 parts. Before sowing, soaked seeds in water for 8-12 hr. To prevent crop from wilt disease, root rot and damping off, treat seeds with Trichoderma viride/Pseudomonas Fluorescence@4gm/kg of the seeds at before sowing.

Fertilizer Requirement (kg/acre)

Nutrient Requirement (kg/acre)

At time of land preparation, apply well decomposed cowdung@4-8ton/acre. Overall coriander crop required, Nitrogen@25kg in form of Urea@55kg/acre, Phosphorus@12kg in form of SSP@75kg and Potash@8kg in form of MOP@15kg/acre. Apply whole amount of Phosphorus and Potash and one third amount of Nitrogen at time of sowing. Apply remaining amount of Nitrogen in two equal splits i.e 30days and 75days after sowing. When crop is grown for seed purpose, apply Nitrogen@30kg/acre i.e 65kg/acre in two doses, half at sowing time and remaining at time of flower initiation.

Alwase do soil test, to know the exact nutrient requirement of soil.

To attain fast growth 15-20days after germination take spray of Triacontanol hormone@20ml/10Ltr. Also one spray of NPK(19:19:19) fertilizer@75gm/15Ltr of water at 20days of sowing helps in good and faster growth of crop. To obtained more yield, spray Brassinolide@50ml/acre/150Ltr water, 40-50 days after sowing. Take its second spray after 10days. Also one spray of Mono ammonium Phosphate 12:61:00@45gm/15Ltr of water at leaf and branches growing stage helps in good growth and increases yield.

At initial growth stage of coriander, weed is a serious problem. To control weed chemically, apply pre-emergence herbicides like Pendamithalin@1 ltr/acre or Fluchloralin@800 ml/acre. Take first weeding 4 week after sowing and second 5-6 week after sowing.

Depending upon soil texture, rain and climate, four to five irrigation are required for good growth of crop. Apply first irrigation 30 days after sowing. Apply remaining irrigation on 60-70th day, 80-90th, 100-105th and 110-150days. Avoid moisture stress at flowering and seed development stage.

• Pest and their control:
  

Aphid: If Infestation of aphid is observed, to control take spray of Imidacloprid@6ml/10Ltr water or Thiamethoxam@4gm/10Ltr of water.

• Disease and their control:
  

Powdery Mildew: Patchy, White powdery growth appears on upper surface of leaves.
If infestation is observed take Spray of water soluble Sulphur@20gm/10Ltr of water. If needed repeat spray with interval of 10 days. Besides this take spray of Penconazole10EC@100ml/acre/200Ltr of water.

Grain Mould: To prevent crop from grain mould, take spray of Carbendazim@400gm/acre, 20 days after grain set.

Root rot: To protect crop from root rot, as preventive measure do soil application of Neem Cake@60gm/acre. Also treat seeds with Trichoderma viride@4gm/kg of seed. If infestation of root rot, observed in field to control, drenched soil with Carbendazim @500gm/150Ltr of water or Copper oxychloride@2gm/litre of water. 

When crop attained 20-25cm height harvesting for green leaves can be started. Three to four cutting can be taken. When crop is grown for seed purpose, it is ready for harvesting in April month. Harvest when capsule gets matures but having green color. Over ripe capsules fetch lower price. 

After harvesting allowed crop to dry in sunlight for 6-7 days. After proper drying, carry out threshing after then cleaning operation.