SOYBEAN

Soybean called as golden beans is belongs to legume family. It is native of east Asia. It is a rich source of protein also excellent source of fibre. Oil extracted from soybean contain small amount of saturated fat. In Haryana, earlier its cultivation was restricted to hilly areas. Now with the help of advance technology and high yielding hybrids its area is increasing plain areas.

It gives good result, when grown on well drained, fertile loamy soils. pH of 6 to 7.5 is favourable for optimum yield of soybean. Water logged, saline/alkaline soils are not suitable for its cultivation. Low temperature affect crop severely.

PK 416 : Ready to harvest in 120-125 days. Grains are medium, oval shape and yellowish in color. Resistant to yellow mosaic virus. Gives average yield of 10-12 qtl/acre.

PK 472: Grains are big and bold and of yellowish brown color. Ready to harvest in 120-125 days. Gives average yield of 10-12 qtl/acre.

PK 564: Grains are medium, yellowish color. Ready to harvest in 120-125 days. Gives average yield of 10-12 qtl/acre. 

SL 525: Ready to harvest in 144 days. Seeds are uniform and bold. It gives resistance to yellow mosaic virus and gives tolerance to stem blight and root knot nematodes. Gives average yield of 6 qtl/acre.

SL 4: Ready to harvest in 100-105 days. Gives average yield of 6.5 to 8 qtl/acre.

SL 688: Ready to harvest in 125 days. Gives average yield of 10 qtl/acre.

Other states variety

Alankar, Ankur, Bragg, Lee, PK 262, PK 308, PK 327, Pant Soybean 1024, Pant Soybean 1042, Pusa 16, Pusa 20, Pusa 22, Pusa 24, Pusa 37, Shilajeet, VL soya 2, VL soya 47, Clark 63, Pant Soybean 564, Pusa 97-12, Pusa 98-14, PS 1347, VL Soya 59, VL soya 63, Pusa 12

Prepared field by giving two to three ploughings followed by planking. 

Time of sowing
Fortnight of June to beginning of July is optimum time for soybean sowing.

Spacing
while sowing use row to row spacing of 45 cm and plant to plant spacing of 4-7 cm.

Sowing Depth
Sow seeds at depth of 2.5-5cm.

Method of sowing
Sow seeds with help seed drill. Soybean-Maize (2:1) mix cropping will help to increased yield along with improving fertility of soil.

Seed Rate
Use seed rate of 25-30 kg for sowing in one acre land.

Seed Treatment
Treat seeds with Thiram or Captan@3gm per kg of seeds, it will protect seeds from soil borne diseases. 
 

Fertilizer Requirement (kg/acre)

Nutrient Requirement (kg/acre)

At time of sowing, apply FYM or well decomposed cowdung@4ton/acre and Nitrogen@10kg and Phosphorus@32kg in form of Urea@22kg and SSP@200kg per acre.

To obtain good growth and optimum yield, take spray of Urea@3kg/150Ltr of water on 60th and 75th day after sowing.

To keep field weed free, two hoeings are required, give first hoeing 20 days after sowing and second hoeing 40 days after sowing.

To control weed chemically, after sowing, within two days, take spray of Pendimethalin@600ml/acre in 100-200Ltrs of water.

Overall crop required three to four irrigation. Irrigation at time of pod filling stage is necessary. Water stress at this period will affect yield drastically. Apply irrigation depending upon rainfall conditions. No irrigation required in good rainfall conditions.

• Pest and their control:
  

White Fly: For white fly control, take spray of Thiamethoxam@40gm or Triazophos@600ml/acre. If necessary take second spray 10 days after first spray.

Tobacco caterpillar: If infestation is observed, take spray of Acephate 57SP@800gm/acre or Chlorpyriphos 20EC@ 1.5Ltr/acre. If necessary take second spray 10 days after first spray.

Hairy Caterpillar: To control hairy caterpillar pick caterpillar manually and destroyed by crushing or putting in kerosene water when infestation is low. In case of high infestation, take spray of Quinalphos@500ml or Dichlorvos@200ml/acre.

Blister beetle: They cause damage at flowering stage. They feed on flowers, buds thus prevent grain formation.
If infestation is observed, take spray of Indoxacarb 14.5SC@200ml or Acephate 75SC@800gm/acre. Carry out spraying in evening hours and if necessary take second spray 10 days after first spray.  

• Disease and their control:
  

Yellow mosaic virus: It is spread due to white fly. Irregular yellow, green patches are observed on leaves. Pods not developed on infected plants.

Grow yellow mosaic virus resistant varieties. For white fly control, take spray of Thiamethoxam@40gm, Triazophos@ 600ml/acre. If necessary take second spray 10 days after first spray.

Pods become dry and leaves changes their color to yellow and fall of, it is sign of crop is ready for harvesting. Harvest crop with sickle or by hand. After harvesting, carry out threshing operation.

After drying, carry out proper cleaning of seeds. Remove small size seeds, damaged seeds and crop stalks.