Green gram also known as Moong is one of the main pulse crop of India. It is a rich source of Protein along with fiber and iron. It can be cultivated as Kharif as well as summer crop. India produces almost 2/3rd of gram in the world. In India, it is cultivated in Madhya Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Bihar and Haryana states.

It can be cultivated on wide range of soil. It is grown in well drained loamy to sandy-loam soils. But it gives best results when grown in light soil. Saline and water logged soils are not suitable for cultivation.

Suketi-1 (DPM-8909):It is a high yielding variety which gets ready in single time. Therefore it’s harvesting is done in single time. It is suitable for Kharif season. The variety is resistant to yellow mosaic and is tolerant to leaf diseases.The variety gets mature in 85 days and gives an average yield of 4qtl/acre.

Shining Moong Number-1:It is an early maturing variety which gets prepare in 70-80days. It has thick and shiny grains. It is moderately resistant to diseases. It gives an average yield of 2.5qtl/acre.

Pusa Baisakhi:It is also an early maturing variety which gets mature in 65-70 days. It is suitable for sowing in summer and Kharif season. It gives an average yield of 2.5qtl/acre.

Other state varieties:

Marudhar (GNG 1958):Cultivated under irrigated areas also suitable for normal sown irrigated condition. It has brown seed colour. Ready to harvest in 145 days. Gives average yield of 8-10qtl/acre.

Triveni (GNG 1969):Cultivated under irrigated areas also suitable for normal sown irrigated condition. It possess creamy beige seed colour. Ready to harvest in 146 days. Gives average yield of 9qtl/acre.

Gangaur (GNG 1981):This variety is developed in 2008 for North West regions of India. This variety has green color grains. The weight of 100 seeds is 15-18gm. In Rajasthan this is the most liked variety. It has rich branches and sometimes 3 grains are also found in single pod. It gives an average yield of 10qtl/acre.

Sangam (GNG 1488):It is a late sown variety which is developed for Rajasthan area in 2007. The sowing of this variety is done in first week of December. It has brown and shining coat of seed. Grains are of medium size (15.8gm/100 grains). By late sowing the crops gets ready for harvesting in 130-135days. It gives an average yield of 7.5qtl/acre.

Gauri (GNG 1499): The variety is developed in 2007 for Rajasthan area. It has thick grains (29-30gm/100 grains) and has white color flowers. The crops get ready in 143 days and it gives an average yield of 7.5qtl/acre.

Vardan (GNG 663):It is an old variety of small grains which is brown in color. It gives an average yield of 8-10qtl/acre.

Samrat (GNG 469): Released in 1997 for North West regions. It has brown color grains (23-24gm/100 seeds).

GNG 1292: It has small shaped grains (22gm/100 seeds) which are released in 2002 for Rajasthan area.It gives an average yield of 10qtl/acre.

RSG 888:Desi variety. The variety is released in 2001 for Rajasthan and North West regions of India. It has medium sized grains. It gives an average yield of 8qtl/acre.

PBG 7: Recommended for cultivation in whole Punjab. This variety is moderately resistant to Ascochyta blight and resistant to wilt and dry root rot. Grain size is medium and gives average yield of 8qtl/acre. It gets mature in 159 days.

CSJ 515: Suitable under irrigated condition, seeds are small and are of brown colour weight 17gm/100 seed. It is moderately resistant to dry root rot, and tolerant to Ascochyta blight. Gets mature in 135 days and gives average yield of 7qtl/acre.

BG 1053: It is a Kabuli variety. It is early in flowering and matures in 155 days. Seeds are creamy white and bold in size. Gives Average yield of 8qtl/acre. Suitable for cultivation for throughout state under irrigated condition.

L 550: Kabuli variety. Semi spreading and early flowering variety. Matures in 160 days. Seeds are of creamy white color. It gives average yield of 6qtl/acre.

L 551: It is kabuli variety. It is resistant to wilt disease. Ready to harvest in 135-140 days. It gives average yield of 6-8qtl/acre.

GLK 28127: Suitable for cultivation under irrigated areas, seeds are of large size with light yellow or creamy colour with irregular owl head. Ready to harvest in 149 days. Gives average yield of 8qtl/acre.

GPF2: The plants are tall with erect growth habit. It is highly resistive to Ascochyta blight and will complex. It gets matures in about 165 days. Gives average yield of 7.6qtl/acre.

Aadhar (RSG-963): It is moderately resistant to Wilt, dry root rot, B.G.M and Collor rot, pod borer, & Nematodes. Ready to harvest in 125-130 days. Gives average yield of 6qtl/acre.

Anubhav (RSG 888): Suitable for cultivation in rainfed area. It is moderately resistant to wilt and root rot. Ready to harvest in 130-135days. Gives average yield of 9qtl/acre.

Pusa Chamatkar: Kabuli variety. It is tolerant to wilt. Ready to harvest in 140-150 days. It gives average yield of 7.5qtl/acre.

C 235: Ready to harvest in 145-150 days. It is tolerant to stem rot and blight disease. Grains are of medium and yellowish brown color. Gives average yield of 8.4-10qtl/acre.

G 24: Semi-spreading variety, suitable for rainfed conditions. Ready to harvest in 140-145 days. Gives average yield of 10-12qtl/acre.
 
G 130: Medium duration variety. Gives average yield of 8-12qtl/acre.

Pant G 114: Ready to harvest in 150 days. It is resistant to blight. It gives average yield of 12-14qtl/acre.

C 104: Kabuli gram varieties, Suitable for Punjab and Uttar Pradesh. Gives average yield of 6-8qtl/acre.

Pusa 209: Ready to harvest in 140-165 days. Gives average yield of 10-12qtl/acre.

Time of sowing:
This crop is sown at the starting of the monsoon in the month of end-June to first week of July.

Spacing:
For kharif season, use row to row spacing of 30cm and plant to plant spacing of 10cm and for Rabi season, use row to row spacing of 22.5cm and plant to plant spacing of 7cm.

Sowing Depth:
Sow seeds at depth of 4-6 cm.

Method of sowing:
For sowing drill/pora/kera methods are used.


 

Seed rate:
Use 7.5-8kg/acre of seed rate. If mixed cropping is done then do not use more than 4kg/acre of seed rate.

Seed treatment:
Seed should be treated with Captan or Thiram @3 gm/kg of seed before sowing.

Fertilizer Requirement (kg/acre)

Nutrient Requirement (kg/acre)

Add fertilizer dose of Nitrogen @8kg/acre in the form of Urea@19kg/acre, Phosphorus@17kg/acre in the form of SSP@105kg/acre and potash @8kg/acre in the form of MOP@14kg/acre at the time of land preparation. If mixed farming is done then do not add Nitrogen in the soil. In acidic soils add lime @6qtl/acre at the time of land preparation.
 

First irrigation should be done after 50-55 days of sowing and then second irrigation if necessary than it is done after 100 days of sowing.If only single irrigation is available then irrigation is done after 60-65 days of sowing.

To keep field weed free, one or two hoeing, first hoeing four week after sowing and second hoeing two week after first hoeing are required. To control weed chemically, apply Fluchloralin @ 600ml/acre or Trifluralin @ 800ml/acre before sowing (take sowing on same day). Also after sowing, within two days, take spray of Pendimethalin @ 1Ltr/acre in 100-200Ltrs of water.

• Pest and their control:
  

Sucking pest (Jassid, aphid, white fly): If infestation is observed, take spray of Malathion @ 375ml or Dimethoate @ 250ml or Oxydemeton Methyl @ 250ml/acre.
For white fly control, take spray of Thiamethoxam @40gm Triazophos@600ml/acre. If necessary take second spray 10days after first spray.

Mite: If infestation is observed take spray of Dimethoate 30EC @150ml/acre.

Blister beetle: They cause damage at flowering stage. They feed on flowers, buds thus prevent grain formation.

If infestation is observed, take spray of Indoxacarb 14.5SC @ 200ml or Acephate 75SC @ 800gm/acre. Carry out spraying in evening hours and if necessary take second spray 10days after first spray.

Pod Borer: Serious pest cause heavy loss in yield. If infestation is observed, take spray of Indoxacarb 14.5SC @ 200ml or Acephate 75SP @ 800gm or Spinosad 45SC @ 60ml/acre. Repeat spray after two weeks.

Tobacco caterpillar: If infestation is observed, take spray of Acephate 57SP @ 800gm/acre or Chlorpyriphos 20EC @1.5Ltr/acre. If necessary take second spray 10days after first spray.

Hairy Caterpillar: To control hairy caterpillar pick caterpillar manually and destroyed by crushing or putting in kerosene water when infestation is low. In case of high infestation, take spray of Quinalphos @500ml or Dichlorvos @200ml/acre.

• Disease and their control:
  

Yellow mosaic virus: It is spread due to white fly. Irregular yellow, green patches are observed on leaves. Pods not developed on infected plants.

Grow yellow mosaic virus resistant varieties. For white fly control, take spray of Thiamethoxam@40gm, Triazophos@ 600ml/acre. If necessary take second spray 10days after first spray.

 

Cercospora leaf spot: As a preventive measure, do seed treatment with Captan and Thiram. Use cercospora leaf spot resistant variety. If infestation is observevd take spray of Zineb 75WP @400gm/acre. Take two to three sprays at interval of 10days.

Best time of harvesting when 85% of pods get matured. Over-ripening of pods should be avoided as produce may be lost due to shattering. Do harvesting with sickle. After harvesting carried out threshing. After threshing, seeds are cleaned and dried in the sunshine.